Each type of coffee bean brings unique flavours, aromas, and characteristics. So, let's dive into the world of coffee varietals and understand what makes each one special.

What are Coffee Varietals?

A coffee varietal refers to a specific subspecies or variety of coffee plant. Just like wine grapes, different coffee varietals thrive in different environments and produce distinctive flavours. The two main species of coffee plants are Arabica and Robusta, but within these species, numerous varietals exist, each with its own unique profile.

Arabica vs. Robusta

Before delving into specific varietals, it's essential to understand the primary differences between Arabica and Robusta beans:

• Arabica: Grown at higher altitudes, Arabica beans are known for their sweet, complex flavours and higher acidity. They are more delicate and require specific growing conditions, making them more expensive. Common flavour notes include fruits, florals, and sugars.

• Robusta: More robust and hardy, Robusta beans grow at lower altitudes and are more resistant to pests and diseases. They have a stronger, more bitter flavour with a higher caffeine content. Common flavour notes include nuts, chocolate, and earthiness.

Popular Coffee Varietals

Now, let's explore some popular coffee varietals within the Arabica species:

1. Typica

• Origin: Ethiopia

• Flavour Profile: Balanced and sweet with a complex aroma. Often has notes of fruit and flowers.

• Characteristics: Typica is the base for many other varietals and is known for its high quality and refined flavour.

1. Bourbon

• Origin: Yemen

• Flavour Profile: Sweet with a full body and bright acidity. Common notes include caramel, nuts, and fruit.

• Characteristics: Bourbon plants are known for their high yield and excellent cup quality.

1. Geisha (Gesha)

• Origin: Ethiopia

• Flavour Profile: Exceptionally aromatic with a jasmine-like fragrance. Flavours can include tropical fruits, berries, and floral notes.

• Characteristics: Geisha is highly prized and often commands high prices due to its unique and complex flavour profile.

1. SL28 and SL34

• Origin: Kenya

• Flavour Profile: Bright acidity with a rich, wine-like flavour. Common notes include blackcurrant, citrus, and tropical fruits.

• Characteristics: These varietals are drought-resistant and produce high-quality beans, making them popular in Kenyan coffee production.

1. Caturra

• Origin: Brazil

• Flavour Profile: Bright acidity with a medium body. Flavours often include citrus and floral notes.

• Characteristics: A mutation of Bourbon, Caturra is known for its compact size and high yield.

Why Varietals Matter

Understanding coffee varietals is crucial for appreciating the diversity and complexity of coffee. Each varietal's unique characteristics can be influenced further by factors such as soil, climate, and processing methods. This is why single-origin coffees, which come from a specific location and often a specific varietal, are highly sought after by coffee enthusiasts.

At The Little Coffee Bag Co., we celebrate the diversity of coffee by offering a range of high-quality, ethically sourced beans. Whether you're a seasoned coffee connoisseur or just beginning your journey, exploring different coffee varietals is a delightful way to deepen your appreciation for this beloved beverage.